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Germany - Junkers Aircraft |
Junkers Ju 88
Variants
Junkers Ju 88 A
Main bomber type with Jumo 211 engines.
Ju 88 A-0
Pre-production aircraft.
Ju 88 A-1
Initial production variant. 895 kW (1,200 hp) Jumo 211B-1 engines
Ju 88 A-2
Jumo 211 G-1 engines.
Ju 88 A-3
Conversion trainer. Dual controls and throttles, various instruments duplicated.
Ju 88 A-4
Improved variant. Longer wingspan, due to redesigned wingtips. Stronger defensive armament. Power provided by Jumo 211 J-1 or J-2 engines (1410 hp) driving wooden bladed propellers. Reinforced undercarriage. Provision for four external bomb racks.
Ju 88 A-5.
This version actually predates the A-4. Earlier models of Ju 88 upgraded with longer wings and other equipment. Jumo 211B-1, G-1 or H-1 engines all rated at 1,200 hp for take-off.
Ju 88 A-6
Was equipped with a balloon cable fender. A counterweight was mounted in the rear fuselage. Extremely vulnerable to fighter interception, most reverted to the normal A-5 version, fender and counterweight removed.
Ju 88 A-7
Dual control trainer based on the A-5
Ju 88 A-8
This version had balloon cable cutting capabilities, crew reduced to three, Jumo 211F-1 engines
Ju 88 A-11
Factory built tropical version
Ju 88 A-12
Dual control trainer. Ventral gondola, dive brakes and all armament removed.
Ju 88 A-13
Low level assault version. Dive brakes and bomb sight removed. Additional armor for crew, engines and fuel tanks. Armament consisted of bombs and up to 16 MG 17 housed in pods.
Ju 88 A-14
An improved A-4 version, more armor for the crew, Kuto-Nase balloon cable cutters, MG FF cannon in the ventral gondola, bomb sight removed.
Ju 88 A-15
Based on the A-4, it featured an enlarged wooden bomb bay, capable of holding 3 tons of bombs. Ventral gondola removed, only two defensive MGs. It was rejected as the bomb bay "bulge" caused too much drag and a thus a reduction in speed.[52]
Ju 88 A-16
Dual control trainer based on the A-14
Ju 88 A-17
Dedicated torpedo bomber, no ventral gondola. One PVC torpedo rack under each wing replaced the two bomb racks. A long housing on the starboard side of the nose contained the torpedo aiming mechanisms. Crew of three.
Junkers Ju 88 B
Prototype with all-new fully glazed "stepless" crew compartment nose, developed into Junkers Ju 188.
Ju 88 B-0
10 pre-production aircraft with "stepless" fully glazed nose.
Junkers Ju 88 C
Zerstörer, fighter-bomber and night fighter, based on A-series, but with sheet metal nose.
Ju 88 C-1
Heavy fighter, 20 converted from A-1, Jumo 211 engines
Ju 88 C-2
Heavy fighter, 20 converted from A-5
Ju 88 C-3
Heavy fighter with BMW engines, none built
Ju 88 C-4
Heavy fighter, reconnaissance variant, based on A-5. 60 built and 60 converted from A-5
Ju 88 C-5
Heavy fighter, like C-4 but with BMW 801 engines, up to four converted
Ju 88 C-6
Heavy fighter and Night fighter, based on A-4, Jumo 211J engines with 1420 PS, 900 built
Junkers Ju 88 D
Ju-88D (tropicalized) at the National Museum of the United States Air Force.Long-range photo-reconnaissance variants, based on the Ju 88 A-4/A-5.
Ju 88 D-1
Long-range photo-reconnaissance variant based on Ju 88 A-4.
Ju 88 D-2
Long-range photo-reconnaissance variant based on Ju 88 A-5.
Ju 88 D-3
Tropicalized D-1.
Ju 88 D-4
Tropicalized D-2.
Ju 88 D-5
as D-1 but with VDM metal propellers instead of Junkers wooden propellers
Night fighter, new fuselage with A-series' ventral Bola (Bodenlafette) gondola omitted, tail section from Ju 188, aerodynamically improved conformal gun pod for a quartet of forward-firing 20 mm calibre, MG 151/20 autocannons below the former bomb bay.
Junkers Ju 88 G
Ju 88 G-1
BMW 801 radial engines with 1700 PS, FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2 radar
Ju 88 G-6
Junkers Jumo 213A inverted V12 engines with 1750 PS, used either FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2 90 MHz or FuG 218 Neptun 158/187 MHz frequency radar, either with the usual Hirschgeweih eight-dipole aerial setup or experimentally with the more aerodynamic Morgernstern tripled crossed-dipole aerials. Some very-late-war aircraft equipped with experimental FuG 240 Berlin cavity magnetron based 3 GHz radar, with dish antenna in bulbous solid nose. Optional with Schräge Musik upward firing guns with two 20 mm or 30 mm guns.
Ju 88 G-7
Identical to G-6, but with Jumo 213E high-altitude engines, planned for use with FuG 218/220 with Morgenstern array or FuG 240. The G-7 was also to be installed with wings from the Junkers Ju 188.[53]
Ju 88G-3, 4 and 8 not produced.[54]
Junkers Ju 88 H
Long-range photo-reconnaissance, fighter variants, based on the stretched Ju 88G-series fuselage.
Ju 88 H-1
Long-range maritime reconnaissance variant, equipped with a FuG 200 Hohentwiel radar and a trio of remotely controlled cameras in the aft fuselage.
Ju 88 H-2
Fighter variant intended to attack Allied long range convoy escort aircraft armed with six Forward firing MG 151/20.
Ju 88 H-3
Ultra-long-range maritime reconnaissance variant similar to H-1.
Ju 88 H-4
Destroyer variant.
Junkers Ju 88 P
Anti-tank and bomber destroyer variant with single Bordkanone series 75 mm (2.95 in), 50 mm (1.97 in), or twin 37 mm (1.46 in) calibre cannon in conformal ventral fuselage gun pod mount, which mandated removal of the Bola gondola under the cockpit section, conversion of A-series bomber. Produced in small series only, they were perceived as a failure for both anti-tank[55] and anti-bomber use.
Ju 88 P-1
Heavy-gun variant fitted with single 75 mm (2.95 in) Bordkanone BK 7,5 cannon in ventral gun pod. Appeared in mid-1942 in small numbers.[56][57]
Ju 88 P-2
Heavy-gun variant with twin 37 mm (1.46 in) Bordkanone BK 37 cannon in ventral gun pod.
Ju 88 P-3
Heavy-gun variant with twin 37 mm (1.46 in) Bordkanone BK 37 cannon in ventral gun pod, and additional armor.[57]
Ju 88 P-4
Heavy-gun variant with single 50 mm (1.97 in) Bordkanone BK 5 cannon in ventral gun pod. There were 32 built.[56]
Ju 88 P-5
Proposed heavy-gun variant with single 88 mm, none known to have ever been built.
Junkers Ju 88 R
C-series night fighters with BMW 801 engines.
Junkers Ju 88 S
High-speed bomber series based on Ju 88 A-4 but with ventral Bola gondola omitted, smoothly glazed nose with radial-ribbed supports instead of the "beetle's eye" of the A-version, and GM-1nitrous-oxide boost, fastest of all variants.
Ju 88 S-0
Fitted with two BMW 801 G-2 engines, single 13 mm (.51 in) dorsal gun and 14 SD65 (65 kg/143 lb) bombs.
Ju 88 S-1
Fitted with two BMW 801 G-2 engines, the GM-1 boost system and could carry two SD1000 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) bombs externally.
Ju 88 S-2
Fitted with two turbocharged BMW 801J engines, wooden bomb bay extension as used on the Ju 88 A-15.
Ju 88 S-3
Fitted with two 1,671 kW (2,240 hp) Jumo 213A engines and GM-1 boost system.
Junkers Ju 88 T
Three-seat photo-reconnaissance version of S-series.
Ju 88 T-1
Based on the Ju 88 S-1 but with bomb bays fitted for extra fuel of GM-1 tanks.
Ju 88 T-3
Based on the Ju 88 S-3.
Main bomber type with Jumo 211 engines.
Ju 88 A-0
Pre-production aircraft.
Ju 88 A-1
Initial production variant. 895 kW (1,200 hp) Jumo 211B-1 engines
Ju 88 A-2
Jumo 211 G-1 engines.
Ju 88 A-3
Conversion trainer. Dual controls and throttles, various instruments duplicated.
Ju 88 A-4
Improved variant. Longer wingspan, due to redesigned wingtips. Stronger defensive armament. Power provided by Jumo 211 J-1 or J-2 engines (1410 hp) driving wooden bladed propellers. Reinforced undercarriage. Provision for four external bomb racks.
Ju 88 A-5.
This version actually predates the A-4. Earlier models of Ju 88 upgraded with longer wings and other equipment. Jumo 211B-1, G-1 or H-1 engines all rated at 1,200 hp for take-off.
Ju 88 A-6
Was equipped with a balloon cable fender. A counterweight was mounted in the rear fuselage. Extremely vulnerable to fighter interception, most reverted to the normal A-5 version, fender and counterweight removed.
Ju 88 A-7
Dual control trainer based on the A-5
Ju 88 A-8
This version had balloon cable cutting capabilities, crew reduced to three, Jumo 211F-1 engines
Ju 88 A-11
Factory built tropical version
Ju 88 A-12
Dual control trainer. Ventral gondola, dive brakes and all armament removed.
Ju 88 A-13
Low level assault version. Dive brakes and bomb sight removed. Additional armor for crew, engines and fuel tanks. Armament consisted of bombs and up to 16 MG 17 housed in pods.
Ju 88 A-14
An improved A-4 version, more armor for the crew, Kuto-Nase balloon cable cutters, MG FF cannon in the ventral gondola, bomb sight removed.
Ju 88 A-15
Based on the A-4, it featured an enlarged wooden bomb bay, capable of holding 3 tons of bombs. Ventral gondola removed, only two defensive MGs. It was rejected as the bomb bay "bulge" caused too much drag and a thus a reduction in speed.[52]
Ju 88 A-16
Dual control trainer based on the A-14
Ju 88 A-17
Dedicated torpedo bomber, no ventral gondola. One PVC torpedo rack under each wing replaced the two bomb racks. A long housing on the starboard side of the nose contained the torpedo aiming mechanisms. Crew of three.
Junkers Ju 88 B
Prototype with all-new fully glazed "stepless" crew compartment nose, developed into Junkers Ju 188.
Ju 88 B-0
10 pre-production aircraft with "stepless" fully glazed nose.
Junkers Ju 88 C
Zerstörer, fighter-bomber and night fighter, based on A-series, but with sheet metal nose.
Ju 88 C-1
Heavy fighter, 20 converted from A-1, Jumo 211 engines
Ju 88 C-2
Heavy fighter, 20 converted from A-5
Ju 88 C-3
Heavy fighter with BMW engines, none built
Ju 88 C-4
Heavy fighter, reconnaissance variant, based on A-5. 60 built and 60 converted from A-5
Ju 88 C-5
Heavy fighter, like C-4 but with BMW 801 engines, up to four converted
Ju 88 C-6
Heavy fighter and Night fighter, based on A-4, Jumo 211J engines with 1420 PS, 900 built
Junkers Ju 88 D
Ju-88D (tropicalized) at the National Museum of the United States Air Force.Long-range photo-reconnaissance variants, based on the Ju 88 A-4/A-5.
Ju 88 D-1
Long-range photo-reconnaissance variant based on Ju 88 A-4.
Ju 88 D-2
Long-range photo-reconnaissance variant based on Ju 88 A-5.
Ju 88 D-3
Tropicalized D-1.
Ju 88 D-4
Tropicalized D-2.
Ju 88 D-5
as D-1 but with VDM metal propellers instead of Junkers wooden propellers
Night fighter, new fuselage with A-series' ventral Bola (Bodenlafette) gondola omitted, tail section from Ju 188, aerodynamically improved conformal gun pod for a quartet of forward-firing 20 mm calibre, MG 151/20 autocannons below the former bomb bay.
Junkers Ju 88 G
Ju 88 G-1
BMW 801 radial engines with 1700 PS, FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2 radar
Ju 88 G-6
Junkers Jumo 213A inverted V12 engines with 1750 PS, used either FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2 90 MHz or FuG 218 Neptun 158/187 MHz frequency radar, either with the usual Hirschgeweih eight-dipole aerial setup or experimentally with the more aerodynamic Morgernstern tripled crossed-dipole aerials. Some very-late-war aircraft equipped with experimental FuG 240 Berlin cavity magnetron based 3 GHz radar, with dish antenna in bulbous solid nose. Optional with Schräge Musik upward firing guns with two 20 mm or 30 mm guns.
Ju 88 G-7
Identical to G-6, but with Jumo 213E high-altitude engines, planned for use with FuG 218/220 with Morgenstern array or FuG 240. The G-7 was also to be installed with wings from the Junkers Ju 188.[53]
Ju 88G-3, 4 and 8 not produced.[54]
Junkers Ju 88 H
Long-range photo-reconnaissance, fighter variants, based on the stretched Ju 88G-series fuselage.
Ju 88 H-1
Long-range maritime reconnaissance variant, equipped with a FuG 200 Hohentwiel radar and a trio of remotely controlled cameras in the aft fuselage.
Ju 88 H-2
Fighter variant intended to attack Allied long range convoy escort aircraft armed with six Forward firing MG 151/20.
Ju 88 H-3
Ultra-long-range maritime reconnaissance variant similar to H-1.
Ju 88 H-4
Destroyer variant.
Junkers Ju 88 P
Anti-tank and bomber destroyer variant with single Bordkanone series 75 mm (2.95 in), 50 mm (1.97 in), or twin 37 mm (1.46 in) calibre cannon in conformal ventral fuselage gun pod mount, which mandated removal of the Bola gondola under the cockpit section, conversion of A-series bomber. Produced in small series only, they were perceived as a failure for both anti-tank[55] and anti-bomber use.
Ju 88 P-1
Heavy-gun variant fitted with single 75 mm (2.95 in) Bordkanone BK 7,5 cannon in ventral gun pod. Appeared in mid-1942 in small numbers.[56][57]
Ju 88 P-2
Heavy-gun variant with twin 37 mm (1.46 in) Bordkanone BK 37 cannon in ventral gun pod.
Ju 88 P-3
Heavy-gun variant with twin 37 mm (1.46 in) Bordkanone BK 37 cannon in ventral gun pod, and additional armor.[57]
Ju 88 P-4
Heavy-gun variant with single 50 mm (1.97 in) Bordkanone BK 5 cannon in ventral gun pod. There were 32 built.[56]
Ju 88 P-5
Proposed heavy-gun variant with single 88 mm, none known to have ever been built.
Junkers Ju 88 R
C-series night fighters with BMW 801 engines.
Junkers Ju 88 S
High-speed bomber series based on Ju 88 A-4 but with ventral Bola gondola omitted, smoothly glazed nose with radial-ribbed supports instead of the "beetle's eye" of the A-version, and GM-1nitrous-oxide boost, fastest of all variants.
Ju 88 S-0
Fitted with two BMW 801 G-2 engines, single 13 mm (.51 in) dorsal gun and 14 SD65 (65 kg/143 lb) bombs.
Ju 88 S-1
Fitted with two BMW 801 G-2 engines, the GM-1 boost system and could carry two SD1000 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) bombs externally.
Ju 88 S-2
Fitted with two turbocharged BMW 801J engines, wooden bomb bay extension as used on the Ju 88 A-15.
Ju 88 S-3
Fitted with two 1,671 kW (2,240 hp) Jumo 213A engines and GM-1 boost system.
Junkers Ju 88 T
Three-seat photo-reconnaissance version of S-series.
Ju 88 T-1
Based on the Ju 88 S-1 but with bomb bays fitted for extra fuel of GM-1 tanks.
Ju 88 T-3
Based on the Ju 88 S-3.
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