The Vichy Government
Headed by Marshall Philippe Pétain and Pierre Laval, the Vichy Government actively collaborated in the extermination of the European Jews, Porrajmos, the extermination of Roma people and other "undesirables."
Vichy opened up a series of concentration camps in France where it interned Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, political opponents, etc. Directed by René Bousquet, the French police helped in the deportation of 76,000 Jews to the extermination camps.
The 1943 Battle of Marseille was another event during which the French police assisted the Gestapo in a massive raid.
French volunteers formed the
Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism
Legion Imperiale
33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne (1st French)
Vichy France, Milice, Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism, Legion Imperiale, and Charlemagne Regiment
Headed by Marshall Philippe Pétain and Pierre Laval, the Vichy Government actively collaborated in the extermination of the European Jews, Porrajmos, the extermination of Roma people and other "undesirables."
Vichy opened up a series of concentration camps in France where it interned Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, political opponents, etc. Directed by René Bousquet, the French police helped in the deportation of 76,000 Jews to the extermination camps.
The 1943 Battle of Marseille was another event during which the French police assisted the Gestapo in a massive raid.
French volunteers formed the
Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism
Legion Imperiale
33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne (1st French)
Vichy France, Milice, Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism, Legion Imperiale, and Charlemagne Regiment
Brittany
Breton nationists Olier Mordrel and François Debeauvais had longstanding links with Nazi Germany due to their fascist and Nordicist ideologies, linked to the belief that the Bretons were a "pure" Celtic branch of the Aryan-Nordic race.
At the outbreak of the war they left France and declared support for Germany. After 1940, they returned and their supporters such as Célestin Lainé and Yann Goulet organized militias that worked in collaboration with the Germans.
Breton nationists Olier Mordrel and François Debeauvais had longstanding links with Nazi Germany due to their fascist and Nordicist ideologies, linked to the belief that the Bretons were a "pure" Celtic branch of the Aryan-Nordic race.
At the outbreak of the war they left France and declared support for Germany. After 1940, they returned and their supporters such as Célestin Lainé and Yann Goulet organized militias that worked in collaboration with the Germans.
French Indo-china
On 22 September 1940, an agreement was signed Between Vichy and the Japanese, which allowed the Japanese to station no more than 6,000 troops in Indochina, and never have more than 25,000 transiting the colony. Rights were given for three airfields, with all other Japanese forces forbidden to enter Indochina without Vichy consent. Vichy signed Joint Defense and Joint Military Cooperation treaty with Japan on 29 July. It granted the Japanese eight airfields, allowed them to have more troops present, and to use the Indochinese financial system, in return for a fragile French autonomy.
The French colonial government had largely stayed in place, as the Vichy government was on reasonably friendly terms with Japan. The Japanese permitted the French to put down nationalist rebellions in 1940.
The Japanese occupation forces kept the French Indochina under nominal rule of Vichy France until March 1945, when the French colonial administration was overthrown, and the Japanese supported the establishment of Empire of Vietnam, Kingdom of Kampuchea and Kingdom of Laos as Japanese puppet states. Vietnamese militia were used to assist the Japanese.[27] In Cambodia, the ex-colonial Cambodian constabulary was allowed to continue its existence, though it was reduced to ineffectuality. A plan to create a Cambodian volunteer force was not realized due to Japanese surrender.[28] In Laos, the local administration and ex-colonial Garde Indigene (Indigenous Guard, a paramilitary police force) were reformed by Prince Phetsarath who replaced its Vietnamese members with Laotians.[29]
On 22 September 1940, an agreement was signed Between Vichy and the Japanese, which allowed the Japanese to station no more than 6,000 troops in Indochina, and never have more than 25,000 transiting the colony. Rights were given for three airfields, with all other Japanese forces forbidden to enter Indochina without Vichy consent. Vichy signed Joint Defense and Joint Military Cooperation treaty with Japan on 29 July. It granted the Japanese eight airfields, allowed them to have more troops present, and to use the Indochinese financial system, in return for a fragile French autonomy.
The French colonial government had largely stayed in place, as the Vichy government was on reasonably friendly terms with Japan. The Japanese permitted the French to put down nationalist rebellions in 1940.
The Japanese occupation forces kept the French Indochina under nominal rule of Vichy France until March 1945, when the French colonial administration was overthrown, and the Japanese supported the establishment of Empire of Vietnam, Kingdom of Kampuchea and Kingdom of Laos as Japanese puppet states. Vietnamese militia were used to assist the Japanese.[27] In Cambodia, the ex-colonial Cambodian constabulary was allowed to continue its existence, though it was reduced to ineffectuality. A plan to create a Cambodian volunteer force was not realized due to Japanese surrender.[28] In Laos, the local administration and ex-colonial Garde Indigene (Indigenous Guard, a paramilitary police force) were reformed by Prince Phetsarath who replaced its Vietnamese members with Laotians.[29]
French North Africa
The German Wehrmacht forces in North Africa established the Kommando Deutsch-Arabische Truppen; which comprised two battalions of Arab volunteers of Tunisian origin, an Algerian battalion and a Moroccan battalion. The four units made up a total of 3,000 men; with German cadres.[30]
France (Vichy France)
Armée de l'Armistice & Armée Nouvelle
French Volunteers and Collaborationist Forces
The German Wehrmacht forces in North Africa established the Kommando Deutsch-Arabische Truppen; which comprised two battalions of Arab volunteers of Tunisian origin, an Algerian battalion and a Moroccan battalion. The four units made up a total of 3,000 men; with German cadres.[30]
France (Vichy France)
Armée de l'Armistice & Armée Nouvelle
French Volunteers and Collaborationist Forces